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3D Printed Thorax with Heart and Vessels
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3D Printed Thorax with Heart and Vessels
The superior thoracic aperture contains structures emerging from the thorax and entering the head and neck and upper
limb. In this specimen, both clavicles, key venous structures and other musculature have been removed. Despite this,
other important components of anatomy can be observed. Key structures include the Trachea seen most superiorly with
a thick ring of cartilage, rib one has been exposed prior to meeting its costal cartilage, travelling in a lateral
to medial direction and the anterior scalene muscle inserting into Rib one superiorly.
In regards to the blood
supply, The right subclavian can be seen superior to rib one, giving off the thyrocervical trunk to supply the neck,
the left subclavian can also be seen superior to rib one, giving off the suprascapular artery and both the left and
right common carotid can be seen superiorly with the left also containing a clear left vagus nerve.
Travelling
inferiorly from the cranium, the vagus nerve follows the common carotid arteries in the carotid sheath which can be
seen in the left common carotid artery. The left phrenic nerve remains unclear until it emerges in the mediastinum.
Components of the left brachial plexus can be seen, from roots to trunks. Numerous smaller branches move off,
including the Dorsal Scapular nerve.
In the mediastinum, key structures can be identified in the mediastinum of
the thorax. However, other pieces of anatomy including the inferior vena cava, right vagus nerve and some coronary
vessels cannot be observed in this specimen. The Right phrenic nerve can be traced posteriorly to the heart, this
has been shifted from its normal anterior to the heart position during dissection. Also seen is the Left phrenic
nerve is still contained in its connective tissue and remains located anteriorly to the heart, until reaching the
diaphragm for innervation. The left vagus nerve can be seen posterior to the heart and is easier to identify
superiorly following the left common carotid artery in the carotid sheath. Note the left recurrent laryngeal nerve
moving under the aorta.
The Arch of aorta giving branches of brachiocephalic and left common carotid superior to
the heart. The left subclavian artery can be seen just posterior to the left common carotid. With the pulmonary
trunk exiting immediately superior to the heart. The Left anterior descending carotid artery can be observed
cascading anteriorly on the heart with the superior vena cava can been seen to the right of the aorta and
posterior.
The inferior thorax shows Ribs 8 through 12 on the specimen, the musculature in-between these ribs can
also be seen. Notably, the direction of external intercostal muscle inferomedially can be seen as it progresses into
a layer of fascia.
As observed in the specimen, the right hemidiaphragm is located more superiorly than the left
hemidiaphragm, and this is due to the presence of the liver on the right side of the abdominal cavity.
GTSimulators by Global Technologies
Erler Zimmer Authorized Dealer
The models are very detailed and delicate. With normal production machines you cannot realize such details like shown in these models.
The printer used is a color-plastic printer. This is the most suitable printer for these models.
The plastic material is already the best and most suitable material for these prints. (The other option would be a kind of gypsum, but this is way more fragile. You even cannot get them out of the printer without breaking them).The huge advantage of the prints is that they are very realistic as the data is coming from real human specimen. Nothing is shaped or stylized.
The users have to handle these prints with utmost care. They are not made for touching or bending any thin nerves, arteries, vessels etc. The 3D printed models should sit on a table and just rotated at the table.