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3D Printed Cholecystitis and Cholelithiasis
Handling Guidelines for 3D Printed Models
GTSimulators by Global Technologies
Erler Zimmer Authorized Dealer
3.0 lb
3D Printed Cholecystitis and Cholelithiasis
Item # MP2082
$377.00
$419.00
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3D Printed Cholecystitis and Cholelithiasis
Clinical History
A 60-year-old man head a history of four episodes of severe gripping abdominal
pain during the previous year, each lasting two hours and associated with meals. He presented with a similar attack
associated with vomiting and fever. This last attack did not resolve spontaneously, and he underwent
cholecystectomy.
Pathology
A thick-walled gallbladder has been opened to display a thickened haemorrhagic mucosa
and many irregular faceted calculi. A large calculus is impacted in the neck of the gallbladder. The serosal surface
of the gall bladder is congested and has lost its normal sheen. This is an example of cholecystitis complicating
cholelithiasis (gallstones).
Further Information
Acute cholecystitis is characterised by the clinical syndrome of right upper
quadrant pain, fever and jaundice. Gallstones account for the vast majority of acute cholecystitis, with only 5 –
10% of cases being due to other pathology. Chronic cholecystitis may occur, resulting from recurrent attacks and
causing fibrosis and thickening of the gallbladder wall. 6-11% of patients with symptomatic gallstones will go on to
develop acute cholecystitis. Serum biochemistry will demonstrate leucocytosis with or without obstructive liver
function tests. Ultrasound will demonstrate gallstones in the gallbladder, along with wall thickening and a
sonographic Murphy’s sign (tenderness from the pressure of the ultrasound probe). Other imaging modalities include
nuclear medicine cholescintography scans, MRCP (magnetic cholangiopancreatography) and CT. Endoscopic Retrograde
Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) will provide diagnostic information regarding biliary obstruction and may also be
therapeutic. Causative organisms (if present) will be from the gut flora, commonly E coli, Enterococcus, Klebsiella
and Enterobacter. Complications include gangrenous cholecystitis, perforation, cholecystoenteric fistula or
gallstone ileus. Definitive treatment is surgical cholecystectomy.
Handling Guidelines for 3D Printed Models
GTSimulators by Global Technologies
Erler Zimmer Authorized Dealer
These items normal warranty are two years, however the warranty doesn’t cover “wear and tear”. The manufacturer does have 100% quality control on these models.
The models are very detailed and delicate. With normal production machines you cannot realize such details like shown in these models.
The printer used is a color-plastic printer. This is the most suitable printer for these models.
The plastic material is already the best and most suitable material for these prints. (The other option would be a kind of gypsum, but this is way more fragile. You even cannot get them out of the printer without breaking them).The huge advantage of the prints is that they are very realistic as the data is coming from real human specimen. Nothing is shaped or stylized.
The users have to handle these prints with utmost care. They are not made for touching or bending any thin nerves, arteries, vessels etc. The 3D printed models should sit on a table and just rotated at the table.
The models are very detailed and delicate. With normal production machines you cannot realize such details like shown in these models.
The printer used is a color-plastic printer. This is the most suitable printer for these models.
The plastic material is already the best and most suitable material for these prints. (The other option would be a kind of gypsum, but this is way more fragile. You even cannot get them out of the printer without breaking them).The huge advantage of the prints is that they are very realistic as the data is coming from real human specimen. Nothing is shaped or stylized.
The users have to handle these prints with utmost care. They are not made for touching or bending any thin nerves, arteries, vessels etc. The 3D printed models should sit on a table and just rotated at the table.
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3D Printed Cholecystitis and Cholelithiasis
$377.00
$419.00
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